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Research

CATEGORIES OF RESEARCH 1. Historical Research The aim is to reconstruct the past event systematically and objectively by collecting, evaluating, verifying, synthesizing the evidences and the facts to draw a conclusion. e.g. Netherlands Administration in colonial situation in Java. 2. Descriptive Research The aim is to give deep description on the facts systematically and accurately of the specific object. e.g. survey on prices of goods. 3. Case Study Research The aim is to search the evidences and the background intensively of the specific object at the moment. e.g. the study of a drug abuser 4. Correlation Research The aim is to detect the correlation between the variables accordingly. e.g. the study of laziness and score of the students. 5. Comparative Research The aim is to find the fact of similarities and differences of the objects. e.g. managerial leadership of two or more institution. 6. Experimental Research The aim is to get the fact that one or more variable effect other variable using a/some treatments. e.g. classroom experiment note: there are, actually two kinds of experimental research, the true and quasi experimental research. 7. Action Research The aim is to find a solution or better condition of the situation by taking actions. e.g. trainer of trainer of teaching speaking in English class. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH Research Design One group pre-test and post-test design O1 x O2 It is a custom that a-twice observation is applied here where first is before giving a treatment, and last is held after applying one. It is a pretest and a posttest in which (O1) is pre-test and (O2) is post-test. The X is a treatment. This kind of design is usually applied in preliminary research in order to get the suitable classes for doing an experiment since one of the conditions is having a valid experiment class-an experiment class should at the same level so that it can be judged fair when making comparison. The comparison is made between the experiment class and control class. Again learning technique of selecting the classes is important. How?