FORMULATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM
Write your topic here:
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What research finding (studies) says about the topic :
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Write the problem here:
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Write your problem in question form:
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Write what studies say about the problem:
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After learn the latest and recent studies, write your hypothesis here:
Important:
Before uploading your research question(s), study your handout comprehensively.
Assalaamu'alaikum..
ReplyDeletePerdana Syahid, 3A.
Bismillahirrohmaanirrohiim...
Topic : Formulating a research problem shows a researcher where previous researchers have been deficient and identifies avenues of study that have not yet been pursued.
The problem : Research is crucial to discovering new information. Perhaps the most important part of research is formulating a research problem. Formulating a research problem shows a researcher where previous researchers have been deficient and identifies avenues of study that have not yet been pursued. Researchers must be careful to formulate their research problems properly in order to make sure that their research intent is not ambiguous, and to make sure that the information obtained through the research is of significance.
Instruction :
1. Identify a general area you would like to study. At this point, you're just narrowing down what research problems are available to examine.
2. Narrow your general areas of interest into smaller subcategories. For example, if you want to study Australian tribes, you might look only at tribes in Melbourne. Pick one of these subcategories on which to focus.
3. Look at websites, journals and other print publications in order to learn about your subcategory of interest. Identify assumptions experts in the field have made, as well as any key terms or theories that appear to be present.
4. Look at the objectives for each of your research questions in order to determine whether you feasibly may find an answer to them. Ask yourself questions such as what value the research answer will have, whether there are any ethical issues involved in your research and how much it will cost to find out what you want to know. Pick the research question that seems most likely to get an accurate answer.
5. Restate your research question as a statement that identifies the problem in terms of who, what, why, when or where. For example, you could write, "This research study examined what factors influenced the economic status of members of Australian tribe A."
6. Write out several sentences that very briefly explain the knowledge gap you identified and then place your research statement at the end. Together, these sentences form your entire research problem. If written correctly, your research problem easily may be extracted from your paper as part of your abstract.
(Taken From web browser and book handout)
nyontek dkit gg papa kn pak?? heheee...
This comment has been removed by the author.
ReplyDeleteName : DINA INDRIANI
ReplyDeleteClass : 3J
NPM : 108060300
FORMULATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM:
1.WRITE YOUR TOPIC HERE:
Learning Vocabulary Through Games
2.WHAT RESEARCH FINDING (STUDIES) SAYS ABOUT THE TOPIC:
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen & Khuat Thi Thu Nga say that Vietnamese students usually feel bored in vocabulary lessons because they have not changed their learning habits, such as writing words on paper, trying to learn by heart or learning passively through the teacher's explanations. To help students find language classes, especially vocabulary lessons more interesting, and to achieve more from games.
3.WRITE THE PROBLEM HERE :
Can Learning English Vocabulary Through Games in Learning and Teaching be Understood by Students?
4.WRITE WHAT STUDIES SAY ABOUT THE PROBLEM:
(Richard-Amato 1988:147).
Who believes games to be fun but warns against overlooking their pedagogical value, particularly in foreign language teaching. There are many advantages of using games. "Games can lower anxiety, thus making the acquisition of input more likely"
Lee Su Kim'Forum'Vol.33No1,January-March1995,Page35.
'There are many advantages of using games in the classroom:
1. Games are a welcome break from the usual routine of the language class.
2. They are motivating and challenging.
3. Learning a language requires a great deal of effort. Games help students to make and sustain the effort of learning.
4. Games provide language practice in the various skills- speaking, writing, listening and reading.
5. They encourage students to interact and communicate.
6. They create a meaningful context for language use.'
5.AFTER LEARN THE LASTEST AND RECENT STUDIES, WRITE YOUR HYPOTESIS HERE:
learning vocabulary through games is one effective and interesting way that can be applied in any classrooms.
Name: SITI ROHMAH
ReplyDeleteClass: 3J
NPM: 108060065
Formulating A Research Problem
1. Write your topic here:
Teaching Pronunciation Through A Song
2. What research finding (studies) says about the topic:
Purcell and Suter (1980:286) hold that pronunciation practice in the class has little effect on the learners pronunciation skill and moreover that the attainment of accurate pronunciation in a second language is a matter substantially beyond the control of educators.
3. Write the problem here:
Does song effective in teaching pronunciation?
4. Write what studies says about the problem:
Miyake (2009) says that pronunciation had been taught to be boring because most of the teachers used audio-lingual method, drilling, minimal pairs and then using songs in class is deeply enjoyable and holds students interest and attention.
5. After learn the lastest and recent studies, write your hypotesis here:
Teaching pronunciation through a song can help students increase pronunciation ability.
Name : Ade Ana Yuliana
ReplyDeleteClass : 3J
NPM : 108060010
FORMULATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM:
1.WRITE YOUR TOPIC HERE:
Teaching vocabulary by pictures
2.WHAT RESEARCH FINDING (STUDIES) SAYS ABOUT THE TOPIC:
(Rick Riordan)
Teachers helps students use pictures books to learn key language arts skill such as comprehension, sentences writing, nouns, verb, antonyms, synonyms, vocabulary.
3.WRITE THE PROBLEM HERE :
Does pictures effective in teaching vocabulary?
4.WRITE WHAT STUDIES SAY ABOUT THE PROBLEM:
(smith 1993)
Said that teaching vocabulary by pictures is way that interest the students in what could easily become information overload.
5.AFTER LEARN THE LASTEST AND RECENT STUDIES, WRITE YOUR HYPOTESIS HERE:
Teaching vocabulary with pictures can and making the students class more in learning and they understand the lesson easily.
Name : Winda Rahmawati
ReplyDeleteClass : 3J
NPM : 108060162
FORMULATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM:
1.WRITE YOUR TOPIC HERE:
The Importance of Speaking Practice
2.WHAT RESEARCH FINDING (STUDIES) SAYS ABOUT THE TOPIC:
by Jay Cross on January 26, 2009
Instead of rehearsing gestures to make a speech feel authentic, you should tap into four fundamental aims, or “intents,” of a good presentation: to be open with your listeners, to connect with them, to be passionate about your topic, and to listen to messages from your audience, whether spoken or unspoken.
3.WRITE THE PROBLEM HERE :
How to speak English better?
4.WRITE WHAT STUDIES SAY ABOUT THE PROBLEM:
Stuart Mill says “You want to speak English better, but you have a problem. In your country, you have to work really hard to find a native speaker to practice with. Sometimes it’s impossible. But that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t practice speaking. OK. You don’t have an English friend. You can still practice with your friends”.
5.AFTER LEARN THE LASTEST AND RECENT STUDIES, WRITE YOUR HYPOTESIS HERE:
you just start trying to speak English with your friends and you have a plan then you can speak English easier.
ayu chriestynadi (108060205- 3j)
ReplyDeleteWrite your topic here:
teaching speaking using role play
What research finding (studies) says about the topic :
According to Stephen D.Hattings based on his observation in the conversation class, the role play would seem to be the ideal activity in which students could use their English creatively and it aims to stimulate a conversation situation in which students might find themselves and give them an opportunity to practice and develop their communication skill
Write the problem here:
Are the scores of speaking taught by using role play better or not?
Write what studies say about the problem:
according to Gillian
Role play can improve learners’ speaking skills in any situation, and helps
learners to interact. As for the shy learners, role play helps by providing a
mask, where learners with difficulty in conversation are liberated. In addition,
it is fun and most learners will agree that enjoyment leads to better learning.
Several reasons for using role play in teaching speaking quoted from
Ladousse as follows:
a. A very wide variety of experience can be brought into the classroom and
we can train our students in speaking skill in any situations through role
play.
b. Role play puts students in situation in which they are required to use and
develop those phatic forms of language which are so necessary in oiling
the works of social relationships, but which are so often neglected by our
language teaching syllabuses.
c. Some people are learning English to prepare for specific roles in their
lives. It is helpful for these students to have tried out and experimented
with the language they will require in the friendly and safe environment of
a classroom.
d. Role play helps many shy students by providing them with a mask.
e. Perhaps the most important reason for using role play is that it is fun
After learn the latest and recent studies, write your hypothesis here:
the scores of speaking taught by using role play are better
lita verawati (108060252/3J)
ReplyDeleteBISSMILLAAHH...
topic :
Teaching vocabulary using quartet game
research finding (studies):
according to Smith (1998:1) " Vocabulary is a major part of almost every standardized test"
problem :
Is the use of quartet game able to increase the students' vocabulary mastery?
studies say about the problem:
Games add variation to a lesson an increase motivation by providing a plausible incentive to use the target language. (Bedson, 2004:6)
hypothesis :
the result of teaching vocabulary using quartet game is better than that without using quartet game ; it can increase the students' vocabulary mastery.
wilda fitria ( 108060163 / 3J )
ReplyDeletewrite your topic here :
teaching english through games
According to Andrew wright and David Betteridge says that games also help the teacher to create context in which the language is useful and meaningful. the learners want to take part and in order to do so must understood what others are saying or have written and they must speek or write in order to express their own point f view or give information
the problem :
Does game used in the language class will effective for teaching ?
studies says about the problem :
there is a common perception that all learning should be serious and solemn in nature, and that if one is having fun and there is a hilarity and laughter, then it is not really learning. this is a misconception. it is possible to learn a language as well as enjoy one self at the same time. one of the best way of doing this is through games.
hypothesis :
games used in language teaching will make students likes the materials, easier to learning and memorizing
FORMULATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM
ReplyDeleteName : RIFKI F R
Class : 3 i
Npm : 108060086
Write your topic here:
Teaching Listening by using multimedia for junior high school
What research finding (studies) says about the topic :
1. ” Multimedia can be defined as an integration of multiple media elements ( audio, video, graphics, text, animation) into one synergetic and symbiotic whole that result in more benefits for the end user than any one of the media elements can provide individually” (Reddi, 2003)
2. The “multimedia“ component is characterized by the presence of text, pictures, sound, animation and video; some or all of which are organized into some coherent program. ( Phillips, 1997)
Write the problem here:
1. They are trying to understand every word
2. They get left behind trying to work out what a previous word meant
3. They just don't know the most important words
4. They have problems with different accents
5. They lack listening stamina/ they get tired
6. They are distracted by background noise.
7. They have hearing problems
Write your problem in question form:
Does teaching listening by using multimedia effective for junior high school ?
Write what studies say about the problem:
In teaching listening comprehension we must be careful not to go to extremes, either by being concerned too exclusively with theories without thinking about their application to teaching, or by obstinately following frozen routines-opening the textbook and explaining new words, playing the tape recorder, and asking/answering questions. It is essential for a teacher to have an overall understanding of what listening is, why it is difficult for foreign-language learners (Fan Yagang)
After learn the latest and recent studies, write your hypothesis here:
Important:
The teaching listening by using multimedia skill will improve the learners’ listening skill
Name : Hertina S.
ReplyDeleteNPM : 108060052
Class : 3I
Write your topic here:
Teaching vocabulary through ‘Memory Chain’ game technique to increase the students’ vocabulary achievement.
What research finding (studies) says about the topic:
“Teaching is guiding and facilitating learning, enabling the learner to learn, setting the conditions for learning.” (Brown, D 1994:7)
“Teaching can be defined as showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand.” (Brown, D 1996:71).
“Vocabulary is knowledge of words and word meaning.” (Kamil & Hiebert, 2000).
“Game is an activity with rules, a goal and an element of fun.” (Hadfield, J : 1995)
“Game is structured or semi structured activity, usually undertaken for enjoyment sometimes also used as educational tool.” (Cezanne : 1895)
Write the problem here:
There is a lack of techniques in teaching vocabulary.
Write your problem in question form:
Is the use of “Memory Chain” game technique able to increase the students’ vocabulary achievement?
Write what studies say about the problem:
“Memory Chain is one of the games that involve both of the accuracy and fluency. Memory chain train the students’ memory and concentration. This game is fun and exciting when the student are concentrating and trying to remember about the words that are presented.” (Hadfield, J, 1999)
Hypothesis:
Memory chain can increase the students’ vocabulary mastery.
Nama : Sagita Nurani
ReplyDeleteClass : 3i
NMP : 108060247
FORMULATING A RESEARCH PROBLEM
1. Write your topic here:
Teaching Recount Text to improve the writing ability through EGRA Technique
2. What research finding (studies) says about the topic
Pincas (1987:IV) expressed that writing enables the human being to communicate and express their feeling and opinions, writing is a means of both communication and self expression. In the other words, writing means producing or reproducing message into written language.
According to Halliday and R. Hasan (1985:6) text is language that is functional, means languages that is doing job in some context. Derewianka (1990:15) also assets in recount, we construct past experience. A recount is the unfolding of a sequence of events overtimes. It is used to tell retell past events for the purpose of informing or entertaining. Its focus is on a sequence of events. It generally is begun with an orientation.
3. Write the problem here
Is there any significant difference between the students’ ability in writing recount text before and after the use of EGRA technique?
4. Write what studies says about the problem
Richards (1968:15) states that technique is implementation that which actually take place in a classroom. It is a particular trick, stratagem, or contrivance used to accomplishing an immediate objective. In learning and teaching process, teacher must master some certain techniques. A variety of techniques will at least partially ensure that a maximum of students will be “reach”, Brown (1994:21). The techniques also determine when there the process of transferring knowledge is effective and efficient or not. The technique, which will be used, must be suitable with the material will be taught in order to get good result.
EGRA stands for E, which is experience; G is generalization; R is reinforcement, and A is application. The following is the brief explanation each stage of EGRA technique.
• Experience
Wernon (1980) states that activity involving direct experience is highly inquiry oriented. The student here is an active participant rather than the passive observer of the teacher. The experience in this research refers to guiding the students to learn every element of writing for example, content organization and the structure used in writing and so on.
• Generalization
Ramirez (1995:22) says that this stage focus on grammatical items themselves. The objective here is to move away from the context and concentrates on the rules govern the various aspects of the structure. Rivers (1968:77) says that generalization become more comprehensive as the students advanced in knowledge of language and is able to recognize characteristics feature of the language structure.
• Reinforcement
Thomas (1984:81) says that reinforcement practices also tend to help individual focus on special activities. In other words, reinforcement sharpens the individual’s attention or concentration for the second task.
• Application
Kenneth (1976:83) says that the objective of the application is to determine whether the students know how to apply grammatical forms that have previously been presented. Rivers (1968:376) states that a period for the practical application of what has been learnt may involve reading a passage for which previous has prepared the class; it may be a necessity for some forms of writing exercises, or it may take the form of a dramatization in front of the class.
5. Hyopotesis
There was a significant different between the students ability in writing recount text before and after the implementation of EGRA technique.
Formulating a research problem
ReplyDelete- Write your topic here :
Teaching request and command through the Role-Play
- What research finding (studies) says about the topic :
• English is increasingly being used as a tool for interaction among non native speakers.
• Role-Play technique is hoped to be able to improve the students ability in using request and command and be able to raise their interest and their attention.
• Teaching is kind of art that needs knowledge, in this case the teacher who is involved in the field of education teacher a set of knowledge to the students in front of the classroom is required to have a special field of knowledge called “didactics”
• According to Abu Ahmad and Joko Tri Prasetya in strategi belajar mengajar (1997 : 39) didactics berasal dari bahasa Yunani “didakso” yang berarti “ saya mengajar (didactics is a term derived from greek, “didactics which means “ I am teaching”) or it science of teaching, which teaches as a number of general requirements and methods of teaching.
• Based on Brown in teaching by principles an interactive Approach to language pedagogy (1987 : 15) “teaching is a guiding and facilitating learning enabling the learner to learn, setting the conditions for learning “
• Mubin Syah, in psikologi pendidikan (1997 :181) states that teaching is any action of performed by an individual (teacher) with the intention of facilitating learning in another individual (learner)
• From some definitions above, the writer can conclude that teaching is a process of giving knowledge. Science and motivation that gives the students a skill, so that the students who do not know any thing about the lesson before. Will understand the lesson after wards.
• According to brown in teaching by principle. Edward Anthony (1963) stated that technique is the way we carry out the method. A technique is implement technique must consistent with a method and therefore in harmony with an approach as well” (1994 : 48)
• Wendy A scoot and Lisbeth H. Ytreberg (1994 :40) stated :” in Role-Play the pupils are pretending to be someone else like the teacher, or a shop assistant, or one of their friends, etc. “
• Brown (1994 “ 142) adapted from Crookes and Chaudron (1991 : 51-54): “ role-play demonstration is use of selected students or teacher to illustrate the procedures to be applied in the lesson segment to follow.
- Write the problem here :
• The use of Role-Play technique is effective for teaching request and command.
- Write your problem in question form :
• The use of Role-Play technique for teaching and command?
- Write what studies say about the problem.
• Technique of collecting the data. The first, the writer gives test before the teacher presents the material on the request and command (pre-test),and then the writer teaches request and command using Role-Play technique. And finally, the writer gives test after the teacher present the material (post-test)with the different questions in pre-test.
Nama : Dini
ReplyDeleteClass : 3 J
NPM : 108060001
Formulating a research problem
- Write your topic here :
Teaching request and command through the Role-Play
- What research finding (studies) says about the topic :
• English is increasingly being used as a tool for interaction among non native speakers.
• Role-Play technique is hoped to be able to improve the students ability in using request and command and be able to raise their interest and their attention.
• Teaching is kind of art that needs knowledge, in this case the teacher who is involved in the field of education teacher a set of knowledge to the students in front of the classroom is required to have a special field of knowledge called “didactics”
• According to Abu Ahmad and Joko Tri Prasetya in strategi belajar mengajar (1997 : 39) didactics berasal dari bahasa Yunani “didakso” yang berarti “ saya mengajar (didactics is a term derived from greek, “didactics which means “ I am teaching”) or it science of teaching, which teaches as a number of general requirements and methods of teaching.
• Based on Brown in teaching by principles an interactive Approach to language pedagogy (1987 : 15) “teaching is a guiding and facilitating learning enabling the learner to learn, setting the conditions for learning “
• Mubin Syah, in psikologi pendidikan (1997 :181) states that teaching is any action of performed by an individual (teacher) with the intention of facilitating learning in another individual (learner)
• From some definitions above, the writer can conclude that teaching is a process of giving knowledge. Science and motivation that gives the students a skill, so that the students who do not know any thing about the lesson before. Will understand the lesson after wards.
• According to brown in teaching by principle. Edward Anthony (1963) stated that technique is the way we carry out the method. A technique is implement technique must consistent with a method and therefore in harmony with an approach as well” (1994 : 48)
• Wendy A scoot and Lisbeth H. Ytreberg (1994 :40) stated :” in Role-Play the pupils are pretending to be someone else like the teacher, or a shop assistant, or one of their friends, etc. “
• Brown (1994 “ 142) adapted from Crookes and Chaudron (1991 : 51-54): “ role-play demonstration is use of selected students or teacher to illustrate the procedures to be applied in the lesson segment to follow.
- Write the problem here :
• The use of Role-Play technique is effective for teaching request and command.
- Write your problem in question form :
• The use of Role-Play technique for teaching and command?
- Write what studies say about the problem.
• Technique of collecting the data. The first, the writer gives test before the teacher presents the material on the request and command (pre-test),and then the writer teaches request and command using Role-Play technique. And finally, the writer gives test after the teacher present the material (post-test)with the different questions in pre-test.
Ass..
ReplyDeleteMEI MELISA ( 108060155 ) 3J
1. Topic :
Teaching English by reward
2. Research Finding :
According to Samuel M. McClure, David I. Laibson, George Loewenstein, and Jonathan D. Cohen "When humans are offered the choice between rewards available at different points in time, the relative values of the options are discounted according to their expected delays until delivery. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined the neural correlates of time discounting while subjects made a series of choices between monetary reward options that varied by delay to delivery. We demonstrate that two separate systems are involved in such decisions. Parts of the limbic system associated with the midbrain dopamine system, including paralimbic cortex, are preferentially activated by decisions involving immediately available rewards. In contrast, regions of the lateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex are engaged uniformly by intertemporal choices irrespective of delay. Furthermore, the relative engagement of the two systems is directly associated with subjects' choices, with greater relative fronto-parietal activity when subjects choose longer term options. "
3. Problem :
Is the use of teaching English by reward can increase the students' wants to learn in a good way ?
4. Studies say about the problem :
According to Kazuyuki Samejima, Yasumasa Ueda, Kenji Doya , and Minoru Kimura
"The estimation of the reward an action will yield is critical in decision-making. To elucidate the role of the basal ganglia in this process, we recorded striatal neurons of monkeys who chose between left and right handle turns, based on the estimated reward probabilities of the actions. During a delay period before the choices, the activity of more than one-third of striatal projection neurons was selective to the values of one of the two actions. Fewer neurons were tuned to relative values or action choice. These results suggest representation of action values in the striatum, which can guide action selection in the basal ganglia circuit."
5. Hypothesis :
Teaching English by reward can increase students' wants to learn in a good way.
anggita dwiyola terdjasa. 3i
ReplyDelete108060128
1. Topic :
teaching writing using clustering technique
2. research finding says about topic:
according byrne in his book teaching writing skills(1988:32) that writing can be used for the purpose of communication. Through writing we can send or obtain information(spoken or written) carry out transaction,tell how we feel and learn to shape our thoughts or ideas
3.problem: can teaching writing using clustering technique develop students writing ability
4.what studies say about the problem:
Laver et al (1981;89) purpose four worlds of writing. They believe that writing is very useful in at least four world.The first world is private world . it deals with the meaningful place and environment, families, friends and other that we care about. The second world is public world which deals with the media such as television, radio, newspaper, magazine, books and film.
hypothesis:
ho: The application of teaching writing using clustering technique cannot develop students writing ability to the grade students
ha: The application of teaching writing using clustering technique can develop students writing ability to the grade students
Nama : IIF MUZDHALIFAH
ReplyDeleteClass : 3 J
NPM : 108060263
1.WRITE YOUR TOPIC HERE:
Using Song to Teach Listening
2.WHAT RESEARCH FINDING (STUDIES) SAYS ABOUT THE TOPICS:
According to Tom Walton = Everyone likes songs -- you just put on a CD and press "play", don't you? All you'd then need would be a "fill-in-the-blanks" worksheet and you've got a dead-easy to prepare listening exercise
3.WHAT THE PROBLEM HERE:
Whether through song studebt can better understand when a speakers speaks on the subject cassette listening?
4.WRITE WHAT STUDIES SAY ABIUT THE PROBLEM:
According to Ellie Keegan = Probably the most important thing about choosing a song to do with a class is to make sure that the lyrics are clear, it can be very frustrating for learners not to understand a word. Choose a singer with a nice clear voice, like Frank Sinatra
5.AFTER LEARN THE LASTEST AND RECENT STUDIES, WRITE YOUR HYPOTESIS HERRE:
Song can help students to more easily understand words.
Name: Pipit Fitriana
ReplyDeleteClass: 3i
NPM: 108060012
1.WRITE YOUR TOPIC HERE:
Teaching English language Using Drama
2.WHAT RESEARCH FINDING (STUDIES) SAYS ABOUT THE TOPIC:
Via (1985) says that drama has been used for language teaching since the middle ages. About 10 years ago, many teachers used to scoff at the idea of using drama to teach a second language. The change in attitude towards the use of drama in language teaching came about due to a greater emphasis on meaningful communicative activities instead of mechanical drills.
3.WRITE THE PROBLEM HERE:
Effectiveness in language teaching
4.WRITE YOUR PROBLEM IN QUESTION FORM:
Is drama effective when it used in Teaching English Language?
5.WRITE WHAT STUDIES SAYS ABOUT THE PROBLEM:
Scharengnivei (1970) Early and Tarlington (1982) Mordecai (1985):
Language is used in meaningful situations. Drama contextualises the language in real or imagined situations in and out of the classroom. Language in the class that uses drama activities is explored, tried out and practised in meaningful situations.
Maley and Duff (1978):
Drama improves oral communication. As a form of communication methodology, drama provides the opportunity for the student to use language meaningfully and appropriately. State that drama puts back some of the forgotten emotional content into language. Appropriacy and meaning are more important than form or structure of the language. Drama can help restore the totality of the situation by reversing the learning process, beginning with meaning and moving towards language form. This makes language learning more meaningful and attempts to prepare the student for real-life situations.
6.HYPOTHESIS:
Drama can be used for Teaching English language. It is also can be a new method in English Teaching Language because it very useful and can explore students ability, not only in one skill focus, but can conclude all of language skill. Such as speaking, listening, and writing.
Name : Lintang Utami/3j (108060094)
ReplyDelete1.Write your topic here
Introduce vocabulary to students play group
2. What research finding (studies) say about topic
A. According to Heaton J.B “That active vocabulary means the word he should be able to use in speaking and writing while passive vocabulary means the word he should be able to recognize and understand when he is listening to someone or when he is reading”
b. According to Suryana (2000:42) “Knowing a vocabulary items is not a simple process it means much more than simply memorizing the word”
3. Writes the problem here : writes what studies say about the problem :
The problem faced by a teacher when introducing a vocabulary to the students play group :
a. Sometimes children less responsive to what the teacher said that teachers always repeat these words.
b. Then, there are some children who pay attention and there are not paying attention when the teacher implements the lesson vocabulary.
c. And, the kids play group is more like playing than learning, so teachers must be patient when it wants to start lesson
4.Writes what studies say about the problem
According to Leggest 91984:249) “Passive vocabulary is made up the words we recognize in the context of reading matter or conversation but do not actually use our selves.: while” active vocabulary is which consists of working words. Those we use daily in our own writing and speaking”
5.After learn the lasts and recent studies write your hypothesis here :
I hypothesize that in applying the vocabulary to the students play group is not easy because most of them still want to play but can also tuck in their game little by little we are about to introduce something to them and in the application of vocabulary should be familiarized with writing and speaking in every day.
Dengan memahami persamaan dasar akuntansi, kita dapat menyimpulkan secara cermat bahwa setiap transaksi akan mempengaruhi paling tidak dua akun, bahkan bisa lebih dari dua akun. Dalam akuntansi, pencatatan transaksi ke dalam jurnal dilakukan atas dasar double-entry system dimana salah satu dari dua akun tersebut akan dicatat di sebelah debet dan akun satunya lagi dicatat di sebelah kredit. Dengan kata lain, jumlah antara sisi debet dengan sisi kredit dalam sebuah jurnal haruslah seimbang. Sebelum kita mencatat transaksi ke dalam jurnal, kita perlu memahami terlebih dahulu saldo normal dan makna debet kredit akun.
ReplyDeleteAktiva memiliki saldo normal di sebelah Debet. Jika terdapat transaksi yang sifatnya menambah aktiva perusahaan, maka transaksi tersebut harus dicatat dengan mendebet aktiva yang bersangkutan. Sebaliknya jika efek dari suatu transaksi akan mengurangi aktiva, maka aktiva yang berkurang tersebut harus di catat di sebelah kredit.
Utang (kewajiban) memiliki saldo normal di sebelah Kredit. Jadi, jika terdapat transaksi yang sifatnya menambah jumlah kewajiban perusahaan, maka transaksi tersebut harus dicatat dengan mengkredit kewajiban yang bersangkutan. Sebaliknya jika efek dari suatu transaksi sifatnya mengurangi jumlah kewajiban, maka utang yang berkurang tersebut harus di catat di sebelah debet.
Ekuitas memiliki saldo normal di sebelah Kredit. Ekuitas akan bertambah di sebelah kredit, dan sebaliknya akan berkurang di sebelah debet. Prive memiliki saldo normal di sebelah debet, dimana prive sifatnya akan mengurangi ekuitas. Pendapatan memiliki saldo normal di sebelah kredit, sehingga pendapatan sifatnya akan menambah ekuitas. Pendapatan akan bertambah di sebelah kredit dan sebaliknya akan berkurang di sebelah debet. Beban memiliki saldo normal di sebelah debet, dimana sifatnya akan mengurangi ekuitas. Beban akan bertambah di sebelah debet dan sebaliknya akan berkurang di sebelah kredit. Perhatikanlah bahwa saldo normal pendapatan berbanding lurus dengan saldo normal ekuitas, sedangkan saldo normal prive dan beban berbanding terbalik dengan saldo normal ekuitas.
Sumber: http://id.shvoong.com/business-management/accounting/2157205-saldo-normal-akun/#ixzz1NdCsqRT4
Name : Inayah
ReplyDeleteNPM : 108060169
Class : 3J
1. Write your topic here:
• Teaching speaking skill to the seventh grade students of SMP through picture media
2. What research finding (studies) says about the topic:
• R.Lioyd Ryan, 1993
Based on R.Lioyd Ryan, 1993, he said that teaching by picture is a way that interest the students in what could easily become information overload, besides that using picture can to stimulate students’ thinking in a variety of topic areas. Generally speaking, pictures, painting and other visuals constitute the most effective, most plentiful, and least expensive teaching medium.
3. Write the problem here:
• Does the picture media improve speaking skill of the students of SMP?
4. Writes what studies say about the problem:
• Media picture sometimes known as media studies or media education is a worldwide movement designed to help students become critical consumers and citizens in relation to the media. Topic in these classes include the construction of news, representations of gender and race, and the impact of new media technologies.
5. After learn the latest and recent studies, write your hypothesis here:
• The use of picture media can improve the students’ describing achievement at the seventh grade students of SMP.